Catamenial pneumothorax

What causes catamenial pneumothorax?

The exact cause is not known. However, spontaneous collapse of the lung (pneumothorax) occurs in 72% to 73% of cases of thoracic endometriosis. Thoracic endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial tissue is present in the chest (thoracic) cavity. It is more often seen in women who are about 34 years old. Thoracic endometriosis can be found in most cases of catamenial pneumothorax.

Pneumothorax associated with endometriosis may also occur without being related with menstruation (non-catamenial pneumothorax) even in cases with no symptoms or without diagnosis of pelvic endometriosis.

Last updated on 05-01-20

How might catamenial pneumothorax be diagnosed?

The diagnosis should be suspected in women of reproductive age who have several episodes of spontaneous lung collapse (pneumothoraces) and have endometriosis. Medical thoracoscopy or video-assisted thoracoscopy may confirm the diagnosis.

Last updated on 05-01-20

How might catamenial pneumothorax be treated?

Treatment of choice is with surgery, with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Conventional thoracotomy may be occasionally necessary, particularly in repeat operations. It is very important to examine the large, thin tissue lining around the outside of the lungs and the inside of the chest cavity (pleura).

Hormonal treatment with surgery prevents the repeat of catamenial and/or endometriosis-related pneumothorax. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) for 6 to 12 months after the surgery is also often recommended.

Last updated on 05-01-20

Name: Endometriosis Association 8585 North 76th Place
Milwaukee, WI, 53223,
Phone: 414-355-2200 Toll Free: 800-992-3636 Fax : 414-355-6065 Email: support@endometriosisassn.org Url: http://www.endometriosisassn.org
Catamenial Pneumothorax NORD. 2012; Reference Link

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