Don’t fight Osteogenesis imperfecta alone.
Find your community on the free RareGuru App.Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of genetic disorders that mainly affect the bones. People with this condition have bones that break easily, often from little or no trauma, however, severity varies among affected people. Multiple fractures are common, and in severe cases, can even occur before birth. Milder cases may involve only a few fractures over a person's lifetime. People with OI also have dental problems (dentinogenesis imperfecta) and hearing loss in adulthood. Other features may include muscle weakness, loose joints, and skeletal malformations. There are various recognized forms of OI which are distinguished by their features and genetic causes. Depending on the genetic cause, OI may be inherited in an autosomal dominant (more commonly) or autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is supportive and aims to decrease the number of fractures and disabilities.
Source: GARD Last updated on 05-01-20
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) may be caused by changes (mutations) in any of several genes.
OI is most commonly due to a variation (mutation) in either the collagen genes COL1A1 or COL1A2 gene, which cause OI types I through IV. The collagen genes play a role in how the body makes collagen, a material that helps to strengthen the bones. The type and severity of OI depends on the effect that the specific variation has on normal collagen production. OI caused by mutations in these genes is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Most of the variations that cause OI type I occur in the COL1A1 gene.
In about 10% of people with OI, the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes are normal and the condition is due to variations in other genes; many of these people have an autosomal recessive form of OI. Variation in the CRTAP gene usually cause OI type VII; and variations in the LEPRE1 _gene (also called _P3H1 gene) are classified as type VIII.
Types V and VI do not have a type 1 collagen variation, but the genes causing them have not yet been identified. However, there are other genes in which variations may be responsible for these types or other less common types of OI, which have been reported in only one individual or family:
IFITM5 (type V)
SERPINF1 (type VI)
PPIB (type IX)
SERPINH1 (type X)
FKBP10 (type XI)
SP7 (type XII)
BMP1 (type XIII)
TMEM38B (type XIV)
WNT1 (type XV)
SPARC (type XVII)
Last updated on 05-01-20
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) types I, II, III, IV, V and VI, are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. This means that having only one changed (mutated) copy of the responsible gene in each cell is enough to cause features of OI. The mutated copy of the gene may be inherited from an affected parent, or it may occur for the first time in an affected person (a de novo mutation). When a person with an autosomal dominant form of OI has children, each child has a 50% (1 in 2) chance of inheriting the mutated gene. If the child inherits the mutated gene, the child's symptoms may be milder, or more severe, than those of the parent.
OI subtypes VII and VIII (and some cases of type III) are inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that both copies of the responsible gene in each cell must have a mutation for a person to be affected. The parents of a person with an autosomal recessive condition typically are unaffected, but each carry one mutated copy of the gene. When two carriers of an autosomal recessive form of OI have children, each child has a 25% (1 in 4) chance to be affected, a 50% (1 in 2) chance to be a carrier like each parent, and a 25% chance to be unaffected and not be a carrier.
People concerned about inheritance risks for OI should talk with a genetic professional.
Last updated on 05-01-20
Existen varios tipos de osteogénesis imperfecta, pero los más descritos son del I al VIII. Los tipos I a IV son causados por variaciones (mutaciones) en los genes COL1 y COL2. Los diferentes tipos son descritos a seguir:
Tipo I:
Tipo II:
Tipo III:
Tipo IV:
Tipo V:
Tipo VI:
Tipos VII y VIII:
Last updated on 05-01-20
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